1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為:情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞。
例:The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些動詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語,在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。
例:His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改為 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 當(dāng)“動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí),將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語,其余不動。
例:Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改為The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4)在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí),在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略,但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),要加to。
例:Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改為A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的動詞詞組,如“動詞+介詞”,“動詞+副詞”等,也可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu),但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體,不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
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