來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2019-10-09 14:43:27
②當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句必須是一種過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問(wèn)我是否知道這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他說(shuō)他會(huì)在晚飯前完成工作。
、郛(dāng)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理的句子做賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),任何時(shí)候都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老師說(shuō)過(guò)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。
(2)語(yǔ)序:任何從句都使用陳述句語(yǔ)序,賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)然也不例外。
六. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,或表示現(xiàn)在的特征、狀態(tài)。
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是非第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變化形式(見(jiàn)下表)。如:
句式
結(jié)構(gòu)
例句
肯定句
主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他
We speak Chinese.
否定句
主語(yǔ)+don’t+行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他
We don’t speak Chinese.
一般疑問(wèn)句
Do+主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
Do you speak Chinese?
肯定回答
否定回答
Yes,主語(yǔ)+do
No,主語(yǔ)+don’t
Yes, we do.
No, we don’t.
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型變化如下表:
句式
結(jié)構(gòu)
例句
肯定句
主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞s/es+其他
She speaks Chinese.
否定句
主語(yǔ)+doesn’t+行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他
She doesn’t speak Chinese.
一般疑問(wèn)句
Does+主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
Does she speak Chinese?
肯定回答
否定回答
Yes,主語(yǔ)+does
No,主語(yǔ)+doesn’t
Yes, she does.
No, she doesn’t.
七. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生的事情。常與now,at the moment,look,listen等詞連用。
The little boy is watching TV now.
這個(gè)小男孩現(xiàn)在正在看電視。
Listen!She is playing the guitar in the next room.
聽(tīng)!她正在隔壁房間彈吉他。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):
肯定式:am/is/are+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)
否定式:am/is/are not +doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)
一般疑問(wèn)式:Am/Is/Are + 主語(yǔ) +doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)+ 其他
特殊疑問(wèn)式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)式
They’re having a meeting now.
他們現(xiàn)在正在開(kāi)會(huì)。
They aren't having a meeting now.
他們現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有在開(kāi)會(huì)。
Are they having a meeting now?
他們現(xiàn)在正在開(kāi)會(huì)嗎?
What are they doing now?
他們現(xiàn)在正在做什么?
八. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)
一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)(與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)) 。常與yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等過(guò)去具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
He was here just now.
他剛才還在這里。
What did you do yesterday?
你昨天做了什么事?
一般過(guò)去時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)
1. 肯定句形式:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他
I was an English teacher one year ago.
一年前我是一名英語(yǔ)老師。
I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午我買了一條黃裙子。
2. 否定句形式:①was/were+not; ②在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞
I wasn't an English teacher one year ago.
一年前我不是一名英語(yǔ)老師。
I didn't buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午我沒(méi)買一條黃裙子。
3. 一般疑問(wèn)句:①was/were提到句首;②Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
Were you an English teacher one year ago?
一年前你是一名英語(yǔ)老師嗎?
Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon?
昨天下午你買了一條黃裙子嗎?
4. 特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句
What were you one year ago?
一年前你是做什么的?
九. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)
一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),或?qū)?lái)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
1. will+動(dòng)詞原形
否定式:will not=won't
一般疑問(wèn)式:will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
特殊疑問(wèn)式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)式?
I will do a better job next time.
下次我要做得好些。
Oil and water will not mix.
油和水沒(méi)法混在一起。
2. am/is/are going to +動(dòng)詞原形
否定式:am/is/are not going to +動(dòng)詞原形
一般疑問(wèn)式:am/is/are +主語(yǔ)+ going to + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
特殊疑問(wèn)式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)式?
He is going to spend his holidays in London.
他打算在倫敦度假。
Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.
看那烏云,快要下雨了。
Is he going to collect any data for us?
他會(huì)幫我們收集數(shù)據(jù)嗎?
What are you going to do tomorrow?
明天你打算作什么?
十. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
can(能,會(huì)), may(可以,可能,也許), must(必須,一定,應(yīng)該) have to(必須,不得不)
1. 肯定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+can/may/must+動(dòng)詞原形+其它,例如:
I must go now.
2. 否定句結(jié)構(gòu): 在can/may/must后加not,例如:
You mustn’t talk aloud in the library.
3. 一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu): 把can/may/must提在主語(yǔ)前,例如:
Must you go now? (Yes, I must. No, I needn’t.)
May I open the window? (Yes, you may. No, you needn’t.)
十一. had better用法
had better+動(dòng)詞原形表示“最好做……”,變否定句時(shí)在had better后加not。例如:
You had better catch a bus.
You’d better not catch a bus. (You had= You’d )
十二. 特殊疑問(wèn)句的變換
對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)時(shí),將劃線部分去掉,剩下部分變一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序。(對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)例外)例如:
My name is Lily. What’s your name?
The river is 500 kilometres. Hong long is the river?
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