為了幫助同學(xué)們記住不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在把教材中出現(xiàn)的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞分為幾個(gè)類(lèi)型，每個(gè)類(lèi)型中又分若干組，盡量找出每組中各詞變化形式的共同點(diǎn)，以幫助記憶。
1. A---A---A型(現(xiàn)在式、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞同形)
動(dòng)詞原形(現(xiàn)在式) 過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞
cost cost cost 花費(fèi)
cut cut cut 割，切
hit hit hit 打
let let let 讓
put put put 放下
read read read 讀
hurt hurt hurt 傷
2. A---A---B型(現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式同形)
beat beat beaten 打
3. A---B---A型(現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去分詞同形)
come came come 來(lái)
become became become 變
run ran run 跑
4. A ---B ---B型
(1)在動(dòng)詞原形后加一個(gè)輔音字母d或t構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。
burn burnt burnt 燃燒
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 學(xué)習(xí)
mean meant meant 意思
hear heard heard 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)
(2)把動(dòng)詞原形的最后一個(gè)輔音字母“d”改為“t” 構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借給
lose lost lost 失去
send sent sent 送
spend spent spent 花費(fèi)
(3)其他
pay paid paid 付
lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 說(shuō)
bring brought brought 帶來(lái)
buy bought bought 買(mǎi)
think thought thought 想
sleep slept slept 睡
keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 掃
stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白
win won won 得勝
shine shone/shined shone/shined 發(fā)光
catch caught caught 抓住
teach taught taught 教
feel felt felt 覺(jué)得
fight fought fought 戰(zhàn)斗
find found found 發(fā)現(xiàn)
get got got 得到
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 絞死，掛
have had had 有
hold held held 盛，握
leave left left 離開(kāi)
make made made 制造
meet met met 遇見(jiàn)
sell sold sold 賣(mài)
shoot shot shot 射擊
tell told told 告訴
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，聞
sit sat sat 坐
dig dug dug 挖
5. A---B---C型(現(xiàn)在式、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都不相同)
(1)在動(dòng)詞原形后加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
steal stole stolen 偷
give gave given 給
freeze froze frozen 凍結(jié)
take took taken 拿
see saw seen 看見(jiàn)
write wrote written 寫(xiě)
ride rode ridden 騎
drive drove driven 駕駛
throw threw thrown 拋，扔
blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生長(zhǎng)
know knew known 知道
fly flew flown 飛
draw drew drawn 拉，繪畫(huà)
show showed shown 展示
(2)過(guò)去式加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。
speak spoke spoken 說(shuō)話
break broke broken 破碎，折斷
wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒
choose chose chosen 選擇
forget forgot forgotten 忘記
(3)變單詞在重讀音節(jié)中的元音字母“i”分別為“a”(過(guò)去式)和“u”(過(guò)去分詞)。
begin began begun 開(kāi)始
ring rang rung 按鈴
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 沉
swim swam swum 游泳
drink drank drunk 飲
(4)其他不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化。
be(am, is) was/ were been 是
be(are) were been 是
do did done 做
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
wear wore worn 穿
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